A review published on April 1, 2025, in Oxford Open Climate Change highlights the severe impact of fossil fuel pollution on human health, biodiversity, and the environment. It links fossil fuels to global warming, ocean acidification, and environmental injustice.

The pollution contributes to millions of premature deaths annually, with hundreds of thousands occurring in the U.S. alone. Additionally, fossil fuels drive biodiversity loss and increase plastic waste. The study emphasizes the urgent need for a swift and fair transition to clean, renewable energy to prevent further harm.

Source: Earth.com